燃气涡轮工程手册 Gas Turbine Engineering Handbook 3(73)

曝光台 注意防骗 网曝天猫店富美金盛家居专营店坑蒙拐骗欺诈消费者

A new maintenance system is introduced based on the new mantra for the selection of all equipment ""Life Cycle Cost."" This new system especially for major power plants is based on the combination of total condition monitor-ing， and the maintenance principles of total productive maintenance， and is called the ""Performance Based Total Productive Maintenance System.""
The general maintenance system is fragmented and can be classified into many maintenance concepts. The following are five P"s of maintenance formajor power plants， petro-chemical corporations， and other process type industries leading to the ultimate maintenance system:
1.  Panic maintenance based on breakdowns

2.  Preventive maintenance

3.  Performance based maintenance

4.  Performance productive maintenance

5.  Performance based total productive maintenance (PTPM).

Performance based total productive maintenance consists of the following elements:
1.  Performance based total productive maintenance aims to maximize equipment efficiency and time between overhaul. (overall perform-ance effectiveness)

2.  Performance based total productive maintenance aims to maximize equipment effectiveness. (overall effectiveness)

3.  Performance based total productive maintenance establishes a thor-ough system of PM for the equipment"s entire life span.

4.  Performance based total productive maintenance is implemented byvarious departments (engineering， operations， maintenance).

5.  Performance based total productive maintenance involves every singleemployee， from top management to workers on the floor.

6.  Performance based total productive maintenance is based on the promotions of PM through motivation management: autonomous small group activities.

The word ""total"" in ""performance based total productive maintenance"" has four meanings that describe the principal features of PTPM:
1.  Total overall performance effectiveness indicates PTPM"s pursuit of maximum plant efficiency and minimum downtime.

2.  Total overall performance effectiveness indicates PTPM"s pursuit of economic efficiency or profitability.

3.  Total maintenance system includes maintenance prevention (MP) and maintainability improvement (MI) as well as preventive main-tenance.

4.  Totalparticipation ofallemployees includes autonomous maintenance by operators through small group activities.

Table 21-1 shows the relationship betweenPTPM， productive mainten-ance， and preventive maintenance.
Performance based total productive maintenance eliminates the following seven major losses:
Down time:
1.  Loss of time due to unnecessary overhauls based only on time inter-vals.

2.  Equipment failure-from breakdowns.

3.  Loss of time due to spare part unsuitability or insufficient spares.

Table 21-1
8enefits of Various Maintenance Systems Maintenance

Performance Performance Performance Preventive Panic 8ased Total Productive 8ased Maintenance Maintenance Productive Maintenance Maintenance Maintenance
Economic efficiency Economic and time efficiency Total system efficiency
Autonomous maintenance by operators
Yes  Yes  Yes  Yes  No 
Yes  Yes  Yes  No  No 
Yes  Yes  No  No  No 
Yes  No  No  No  No 

4.  Idling and minor stoppages-due to the abnormal operation of sen-sors or other protective devices.

5.  Reduced output-due to discrepancies between designed and actual operating conditions.

Defect:
1.  Process defects-due to improper process conditions that do not meet machinery design requirements.
　
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