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cannot present a complete picture of all aspects of the safety of civil aviation in Europe.
The Agency will continue to make efforts to obtain light aircraft accident data for future annual safety reviews and
expects better data coverage as the reporting systems and awareness of lack of data matures in EASA MS.
Work with the data shows that the CICTT accident categories have limited usefulness when applied to helicopters,
light aircraft and other aviation activities such as hang-gliding or parachuting. To this end, new approaches
have been developed to better trace the safety concerns in this segment of the aviation system. Related changes
already made by to the CICTT accident category taxonomy could not be applied in this year’s accidents as the
authorities will begin using the new classification scheme from 2010 and onwards.
For larger aircraft, the data is as complete as States have reported accident data to ICAO in accordance with
Annex 13. Checks have revealed that not all States report in full and in time to ICAO.
Appendix 1: General remarks
on data collection and quality
52 European aviation safety agency
Annual Safety Review 2009
A2-1: General
AD Airworthiness directive: a notification to aircraft owners and operators of a known
safety issues with a particular model of aircraft, engine, avionics or other system.
Aeria l wor k (AW) An aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialised services such as
agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol, search
and rescue, or aerial advertisement.
ATM Air Traffic Management
Comercia l air tra nsport (CAT) An aircraft operation involving the transport of passengers, cargo or mail for
remuneration or hire.
CAST Commercial Aviation Safety Team. ECAST is the European initiative.
CICTT CAST-ICAO Common Taxonomy Team
CNS Communications, Navigations and Surveillance
EASA European Aviation Safety Agency
EASA MS European Aviation Safety Agency Member States. These States are the 27 European
Union Member States plus Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland.
ECAST European Commercial Aviation Safety Team
ECR European Central Repository for occurrences
EGAST European General Aviation Safety Team
EHEST European Helicopter Safety Team
EMS Emergency Medical Service
ESSI European Strategic Safety Initiative
Fata l accide nt An accident that resulted in at least one fatality, flight crew and/or passenger or
on the ground, within 30 days of the accident. (Source: ICAO Annex 13)
Genera l aviatio n (GA) An aircraft operation other than a commercial air transport operation or an aerial
work operation.
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation
IHST International Helicopter Safety team
Light aircraft Aircraft with a maximum certificated take-off mass below 2 251 kg.
MTOM Maximum certificated take-off mass
SAFA Safety assessment of foreign aircraft
Sched uled air service An air service open to use by the general public and operated according to a
published timetable or with such a regular frequency that it constitutes an easily
recognisable systematic series of flights which are open to direct booking by
members of the public.
SMS Safety Management System
Third co untry operated aircraft An aircraft which is not used or operated under control of a competent authority
of an EU Member State.
Appendix 2:
Definitions and acronyms
Your safety is our mission. 53
A2-2: Accident categories acronyms
ARC Abnormal runway contact
AMAN Abrupt manoeuvre
ADRM Aerodrome
ATM/CNS Air Traffic Management / Communication Navigation Surveillance
BIRD Collision / near Collision with bird(s)
CABIN Cabin safety events
CFIT Controlled flight into or toward terrain
EVAC Evacuation
F-NI Fire / smoke (non-impact)
F-POST Fire / smoke (post-impact)
FUEL Fuel related
GCOL Ground collision
RAMP Ground handling
ICE Icing
LOC-G Loss of control — Ground
LOC-I Loss of control — In-flight
LALT Low altitude operations
MAC Airprox / TCAS alert / loss of separation / near midair collisions / midair collision
OTHR Other
RE Runway excursion
RI-A Runway incursion — Animal
RI-VAP Runway incursion — Vehicle, aircraft or person
SEC Security related
SCF-NP System / component failure or malfunction (non-powerplant)
SCF-PP System / component failure or malfunction (powerplant)
TURB Turbulence encounter
USOS Undershoot / overshoot
UNK Unknown or undetermined
WSTRW Windshear or thunderstorm
Appendix 2:
Definitions and acronyms
Accident categories can be used to classify occurrence at a high level to permit analysis of the data. The CICTT
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