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obtained and the pilot has established required visual
reference to the airport.
(See CIRCLE TO RUNWAY.)
(See LANDING MINIMUMS.)
(Refer to AIM.)
CIRCLE TO RUNWAY (RUNWAY NUMBER)−
Used by ATC to inform the pilot that he/she must
circle to land because the runway in use is other than
the runway aligned with the instrument approach
procedure. When the direction of the circling maneuver
in relation to the airport/runway is required, the
controller will state the direction (eight cardinal
compass points) and specify a left or right downwind
or base leg as appropriate; e.g., “Cleared VOR
Runway Three Six Approach circle to Runway Two
Two,” or “Circle northwest of the airport for a right
downwind to Runway Two Two.”
(See CIRCLE-TO-LAND MANEUVER.)
(See LANDING MINIMUMS.)
(Refer to AIM.)
CIRCLING APPROACH−
(See CIRCLE-TO-LAND MANEUVER.)
CIRCLING MANEUVER−
(See CIRCLE-TO-LAND MANEUVER.)
CIRCLING MINIMA−
(See LANDING MINIMUMS.)
CLASS A AIRSPACE−
(See CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.)
CLASS B AIRSPACE−
(See CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.)
CLASS C AIRSPACE−
(See CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.)
CLASS D AIRSPACE−
(See CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.)
CLASS E AIRSPACE−
(See CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.)
CLASS G AIRSPACE− That airspace not designated
as Class A, B, C, D or E.
CLEAR AIR TURBULENCE (CAT)− Turbulence
encountered in air where no clouds are present. This
term is commonly applied to high-level turbulence
8/5/04 Pilot/Controller Glossary
PCG C−3
associated with wind shear. CAT is often encountered
in the vicinity of the jet stream.
(See WIND SHEAR.)
(See JET STREAM.)
CLEAR OF THE RUNWAY−
a. A taxiing aircraft, which is approaching a
runway, is clear of the runway when all parts of the
aircraft are held short of the applicable holding
position marking.
b. A pilot or controller may consider an aircraft,
which is exiting or crossing a runway, to be clear of
the runway when all parts of the aircraft are beyond
the runway edge and there is no ATC restriction to its
continued movement beyond the applicable holding
position marking.
c. Pilots and controllers shall exercise good judgement
to ensure that adequate separation exists
between all aircraft on runways and taxiways at
airports with inadequate runway edge lines or
holding position markings.
CLEARANCE−
(See AIR TRAFFIC CLEARANCE.)
CLEARANCE LIMIT− The fix, point, or location to
which an aircraft is cleared when issued an air traffic
clearance.
(See ICAO term CLEARANCE LIMIT.)
CLEARANCE LIMIT [ICAO]− The point of which
an aircraft is granted an air traffic control clearance.
CLEARANCE VOID IF NOT OFF BY (TIME)−
Used by ATC to advise an aircraft that the departure
clearance is automatically canceled if takeoff is not
made prior to a specified time. The pilot must obtain
a new clearance or cancel his/her IFR flight plan if not
off by the specified time.
(See ICAO term CLEARANCE VOID TIME.)
CLEARANCE VOID TIME [ICAO]− A time specified
by an air traffic control unit at which a clearance
ceases to be valid unless the aircraft concerned has
already taken action to comply therewith.
CLEARED APPROACH− ATC authorization for an
aircraft to execute any standard or special instrument
approach procedure for that airport. Normally, an
aircraft will be cleared for a specific instrument
approach procedure.
(See CLEARED (Type of) APPROACH.)
(See INSTRUMENT APPROACH
PROCEDURE.)
(Refer to 14 CFR Part 91.)
(Refer to AIM.)
CLEARED (Type of) APPROACH− ATC authorization
for an aircraft to execute a specific instrument
approach procedure to an airport; e.g., “Cleared ILS
Runway Three Six Approach.”
(See APPROACH CLEARANCE.)
(See INSTRUMENT APPROACH
PROCEDURE.)
(Refer to 14 CFR Part 91.)
(Refer to AIM.)
CLEARED AS FILED− Means the aircraft is cleared
to proceed in accordance with the route of flight filed
in the flight plan. This clearance does not include the
altitude, DP, or DP Transition.
(See REQUEST FULL ROUTE CLEARANCE.)
(Refer to AIM.)
CLEARED FOR TAKEOFF− ATC authorization
for an aircraft to depart. It is predicated on known
traffic and known physical airport conditions.
CLEARED FOR THE OPTION− ATC authorization
for an aircraft to make a touch-and-go, low
approach, missed approach, stop and go, or full stop
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