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before beginning flap retraction. Therefore, during training, 1000 feet is used as
the acceleration height for engine failure after V1.
October 31, 2006
777/787 Flight Crew Training Manual
General Information
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
1.18 FCT 777/787 Preliminary (TM)
Command Speed
Command speed may be set by the pilot through the MCP or FMC and is
displayed by a speed bug on the airspeed indication.
Takeoff
Command speed remains set at V2 until changed by the pilot for acceleration or
until Flight Level Change (FLCH), Vertical Navigation (VNAV), or altitude hold
is engaged. When using FLCH or when altitude hold engages, increase command
speed to the desired speed to initiate acceleration for flap retraction.
Climb, Cruise and Descent
Command speed is set to the appropriate speed by the FMC during VNAV
operation or manually using the MCP.
Approach
Command speed is set to the maneuvering speed for the selected flap position
manually using the MCP.
Landing
When using the autothrottle, position command speed to VREF + 5 knots.
Sufficient wind and gust protection is available with the autothrottle engaged
because the autothrottle is designed to adjust thrust rapidly when the airspeed
drops below command speed while reducing thrust slowly when the airspeed
exceeds command speed. In turbulence, the result is that average thrust is higher
than necessary to maintain command speed. This results in an average speed
exceeding command speed.
If the autothrottle is disengaged, or is planned to be disengaged prior to landing,
the recommended method for approach speed correction is to add one half of the
reported steady headwind component plus the full gust increment above the steady
wind to the reference speed. One half of the reported steady headwind component
can be estimated by using 50% for a direct headwind, 35% for a 45° crosswind,
zero for a direct crosswind and interpolation in between.
When making adjustments for wind additives, the maximum command speed
should not exceed VREF + 20 knots. The following table shows examples of wind
additives with a runway heading of 360°.
Reported Winds Wind Additive Approach Speed
360 at 16 8 VREF + 8 knots
Calm 0 VREF + 5 knots
360 at 20 Gust 30 10 + 10 VREF + 20 knots
October 31, 2006
777/787 Flight Crew Training Manual
General Information
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
FCT 777/787 Preliminary (TM) 1.19
The minimum command speed setting with autothrottle disconnected is VREF +
5 knots. The gust correction should be maintained to touchdown while the steady
headwind correction should be bled off as the airplane approaches touchdown.
Note: Do not apply wind corrections for tailwinds. Set command speed at VREF
+ 5 knots (autothrottle engaged or disconnected).
Non-Normal Conditions
Occasionally, a non-normal checklist instructs the flight crew to use a VREF
speed that also includes a speed additive such as VREF 30 + 20. When VREF has
been adjusted by the non-normal procedure, the new VREF is called the adjusted
VREF and becomes the new VREF for landing (adjusted VREF does not include
wind corrections). For example, if a non-normal checklist specifies “Use flaps 20
and VREF 30 + 20 for landing”, the flight crew would select flaps 20 as the
landing flaps and look up the VREF 30 speed in the FMC or QRH and add 20
knots to that speed.
If the autothrottle is disengaged, or is planned to be disengaged prior to landing,
appropriate wind corrections must be added to the adjusted VREF to arrive at
command speed, the speed used to fly the approach. For example, if the checklist
states “use VREF 30 + 20 knots”, command speed should be positioned to
adjusted VREF (VREF 30 + 20) + wind correction (5 knots minimum, 20 knots
maximum).
060 at 24 6 VREF + 6 knots
090 at 15 0 VREF + 5 knots
090 at 15 Gust 25 0 + 10 VREF + 10 knots
Reported Winds Wind Additive Approach Speed
October 31, 2006
777/787 Flight Crew Training Manual
General Information
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
1.20 FCT 777/787 Preliminary (TM)
Reference Speeds
The following figure shows the positioning of the reference speeds on the airspeed
indicator for takeoff and approach.
Reference Speed Setting
Takeoff
When V1, VR, V2 and gross weight are entered into the FMC, airspeed bugs are
automatically displayed at V1, VR, V2 and the minimum flap retraction speed for
the next normal flap retraction position. Command speed is set at V2 using the
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787机组训练手册Flight Crew Training Manual 787(11)
