getting to grips with fuel economy(34)

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 The following table gives the configurations and speeds for each type.
 
Aircraft types
 First Flap/slat Configuration 
 Clean configuration
 
A300-600
 210kts
 S speed
 240kts
 Green Dot
 
A310
 170kts
 S speed
 210kts
 Green Dot
 
A320 Family (CFM)
 170kts
 S speed
 210kts
 Green Dot
 
A320 Family (IAE)
 170kts
 S speed
 210kts
 Green Dot + 20
 
A330
 170kts
 S speed
 210kts
 Green Dot
 
A340-200/300
 210kts
 S speed
 240kts
 Green Dot
 
A340-500/600
 240kts
 S speed
 -
 Green Dot
 

 
For the A300/A310 the first configuration is flap 15, slat 0. For the other aircraft this is Conf 1. Note that the fourth combination for the A340-500/600 is Configuration 2 at 210kts.
5.5.2 VARIOUS CONFIGURATION / SPEED COMBINATIONS

 The following graphs show the holding fuel flow variation with weight for the four different holding configurations. This is done at an altitude of 10000ft. 

This graph is for an A300 and it shows the advantage of holding in a clean configuration at the green dot speed. The clean configuration fixed speed of 240kt is significantly higher than the green dot speed; hence the large increase in fuel flow with this technique. The 15/0 configuration with a fixed speed of 210kt is also significantly higher than the ‘S’ speed, hence higher fuel flows.
The large variation in fuel flow shows how important it is to use the right configuration and speed, compatible with the other operational requirements.
The A340-200/300 schedules the same hold speeds as the A300, and the graphs have a similar form with a large increase in fuel flow at low weights with the fixed speed techniques. However at high weights the difference is much smaller. There is also a large increase when using Conf 1. Once more holding clean at green dot speed gives the lowest fuel flow.
The following graph is for the A310 and this shows completely different characteristics because of the lower fixed speeds used in each configuration.

Each configuration shows very similar fuel flow, whichever speed technique is used. The clean configuration green dot speed still represents the best single choice for lowest fuel burn over the normal holding weight range.
The A330, which has the same hold speed schedules shows the same characteristics, with clean configuration at green dot speed being marginally better than clean configuration at 210kt over the normal holding weight range.
　
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