getting to grips with fuel economy(2)

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It can be also seen that what is good for one type of aircraft is not necessarily good for another, and that certain conceptions regarding best techniques for fuel economy are wrong.
 
Finally for a fuel and cost economic airline, the following are the main features:
. Good flight planning based on good data.

. Correct aircraft loading (fuel weight and CG).

. An aerodynamically clean aircraft.

. Optimal use of systems (APU, Bleed, Flaps/Slats, Gear, etc).

. Flight Procedures using speeds and altitudes appropriate to the companies economic priorities.

. Use of the FMGS in the managed mode.

. Use of performance factors in flight planning and in the FMGS derived from an ongoing aircraft performance monitoring program.

 
 

                                  
 
 
 
2. PREAMBLE

The very competitive and deregulated aviation market as well as the fear of a fuel price rise have made airlines understand how important it is to work on the fuel consumption of their fleet. Indeed airlines try to reduce their operational costs in every facet of their business, and fuel conservation has become one of the major preoccupations for all airlines, as well as aircraft manufacturers. That’s why all ways and means to reduce fuel costs have to be envisaged, safety being of course the number one priority in any airline operation.
The purpose of this document is to examine the influence of flight operations on fuel conservation with a view towards providing recommendations to enhance fuel economy.  
It is very rare that the reduction of fuel used is the sole priority of an airline. Such instances are to maximize range for a given payload, or to decrease fuel uplift from a high fuel cost airport. Generally fuel is considered one of the direct operating costs and an airline tries to minimize total direct operating costs. This introduces the concept of Cost Index and is the scope of another brochure (Getting to Grips with the Cost Index). However it is sometimes necessary to consider the cost implication of a fuel economy, and this is done where necessary in this brochure.
This brochure systematically reviews fuel conservation aspects relative to ground and flight performance. Whilst the former considers center of gravity position, excess weight, flight planning, auxiliary power unit (A.P.U.) operations and taxiing, the latter details climb, step climb, cruise, descent, holding and approach. 
None of the information contained herein is intended to replace procedures or recommendations contained in the Flight Crew Operating Manuals (FCOM), but rather to highlight the areas where maintenance, operations and flight crews can contribute significantly to fuel savings.
　
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