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Vertical surfaces: Start at the top and work downward.
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Fuselage: Spray along the top centerline and then outboard; avoid spraying directly onto windows.
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Landing gear and wheel bays: Keep application of de-icing fluid in this area to a minimum.
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It may be possible to mechanically remove accumulations such as blown snow. However, where deposits have bonded to surfaces they
Issue II 02.07.2009 Rev. 0
can be removed using hot air or by carefully spraying with hot de-icing fluids. It is not recommended to use a high-pressure spray.
. Engines: Deposits of snow should be mechanically removed (for example using a broom or brush) from engine intakes prior to departure. Any frozen deposits, that may have bonded to either the lower surface of the intake or the fan blades, may be removed by hot air or other means recommended by the engine manufacturer.
12.3 Anti-icing
12.3.1 Applying anti-icing protection means that ice, snow or frost will, for a period of time, be prevented from adhering to, or accumulating on, aircraft surfaces. This is done by the application of anti-icing fluids.
12.3.2 Anti-icing fluid should be applied to the aircraft surfaces when freezing rain, snow or other freezing precipitation is falling and adhering at the time of aircraft dispatch.
12.3.3 For effective anti-icing protection, an even film of undiluted fluid is required over the aircraft surfaces which are clean or which have been de-iced. For maximum anti-icing protection, undiluted and, unheated Type II or IV fluid should be used. The high fluid pressures and flow rates normally associated with de-icing are not used for this operation and, where possible, pump speeds should be reduced accordingly. The nozzle of the spray gun should be adjusted to give a medium spray.
12.3.4 The anti-icing fluid application process should be as continuous and as short as possible. The Anti-icing fluid must be applied within 3 minutes of de-icing in a two step procedure. Anti-icing should be carried out as near to the departure time as is operationally possible, in order to maintain holdover time. In order to control the uniformity, all horizontal aircraft surfaces must be visually checked during application of the fluid. The required amount will be a visual indication of fluid just beginning to drip off the leading and trailing edges.
12.3.5 Most effective results are obtained by commencing on the highest part of the wing section and covering from there towards the leading and trailing edges. On vertical surfaces, start at the top and work down.
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