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时间:2011-10-28 18:20来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:航空
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9.3 Frost on Aircraft
An aircraft ready for flight must not have ice, snow, slush or frost adhering to its critical flight surfaces (wings, vertical and horizontal stabilizers and rudder).
Nevertheless, a frost layer less than 3mm (1/8 inch) on the underside of the wings, in the area of fuel tanks, has been accepted by the Airworthiness Authorities without effect on takeoff performance, if it is caused by cold fuel (low fuel temperature, OAT more than freezing and high humidity). Also a thin layer of rime (thin hoar-frost) or a light coating of powdery (loose) snow is acceptable on the upper surface of the fuselage.
Issue II 02.07.2009 Rev. 0


EXTERNAL INSPECTION
10.1 Aircraft Surface Inspection
An inspection of the aircraft must visually cover all critical parts of the aircraft and be performed from points offering a clear view of these parts. This inspection must be performed, prior to each flight, by a member of the flight crew or delegated to a licenced aircraft maintenance technician. If delegated, the flight crew shall be notified prior to the flight that the inspection has been completed. The inspection is conducted with a view to ascertaining presence or absence of frozen contamination on the aircraft. In particular the inspection must include :
.  
Wing surfaces including leading edges, wingtips, control surfaces,

.  
Horizontal stabilizer upper and lower surface,

.  
Vertical stabilizer and rudder,

.  
Fuselage,

.  
Air data probes,

.  
Static vents,

.  
Angle-of-attack sensors,

.  
Control surface cavities,

.  
Engines and the APU,

.  
Generally intakes and outlets,

.  
Landing gear and wheel bays.


10.2 Use of Eyes & Hands
Eyes and hands are the best tools to use for the contamination check. One needs to be careful not to touch the surface with bare hands, since the skin may stick to a freezing surface.
10.3 Lighting
During times of darkness, the check should be done in a well lit area. Observations should be made close to the surface. With a gloved hand, one should feel as much of the surface as possible, even if it is visible. Extra care should be exercised when conditions cause difficult-to-detect contamination such as clear ice.
10.4 Inspection / Checks
The following inspections/checks are required, namely:-
1.  
Pre-flight inspection/Check to determine if de-icing/anti-icing is required.

2.  
Critical Surface Inspection/Check. This is carried out following de-icing process to ensure snow/ice (contamination) have been removed.

 

Issue II 02.07.2009  Rev.0


3.  Pre-take off contamination inspection/Check. This check is conducted by the flight crew to ensure the aircraft’s wings, control surfaces and other critical surfaces (or the representative surface) are free of all frozen contaminants. The initial HOT must be at least 20 minutes in length and this check must be completed within 5 minutes of commencement of the take-off role. It is conducted from within the aircraft in conditions of adequate light. In case of any contamination the aircraft must be de-iced again. The inspection may be conducted by trained ground personnel from outside the aircraft if required.
 
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