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时间:2011-01-11 19:27来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:admin
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CP
Given OAT
Bleeds ON
Bleeds ON
Redcued thrust Take Off with engine bleeds OFF increase engine live
145
Flight Operations Support
10 September 2005
CFM PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Subject to restrictions on the cover or first pa ge
Takeoff S.O.P.
 Before Takeoff :
APU BLEED ON or PACKS OFF ?
- PACKS ON (with APU bleed ON ) will increase passenger
comfort.
- However, this leads to a higher APU use (i.e. increased APU
maintenance costs).
Bleeds effect
Noorrmaall Oppeerraattiioonn
146
Flight Operations Support
10 September 2005
CFM PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Subject to restrictions on the cover or first pa ge
Takeoff S.O.P.
 After takeoff S.O.P.:
• EGT would increase if packs are set to ON before CLB thrust is set.
• This 2 steps procedure will maximise passenger comfort when
pressurising the aircraft.
• The ECAM caution AIR PACK 1 (2) OFF will be triggered if the crew
forgets to turn the PACKS ON after 60 sec in Phase 6 (1500 ft after
TakeOff till 800ft before Landing).
PACK 1 + 2 ……………………………ON

 elect PACK 1 ON after CLB thrust reduction

 Select PACK 2 ON after flaps retraction
Bleeds effect
Noorrmaall Oppeerraattiioonn
147
Flight Operations Support
10 September 2005
CFM PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Subject to restrictions on the cover or first pa ge
 The thrust decrement is frozen by the FADEC when:
• The aircraft is on the ground
• Thrust levers at or above MCT/FLX
• The configuration is latched in flight until the thrust levers are set to CL
Bleed Failure at T/O
In case of a failure, the EGT may increase but the takeoff thrust remains.
 The thrust decrement is frozen by the FADEC during the takeoff. This avoids:
• Thrust fluctuations in case of an intermittent bleed failure.
• Thrust loss in case of a bleed failure (I.e. APU auto shutdown, with APU BLEED ON).
Noorrmaall Oppeerraattiioonn
150
Flight Operations Support
10 September 2005
CFM PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Subject to restrictions on the cover or first pa ge
 Bleed selection for takeoff has an impact on the takeoff performance.
 PACKS OFF or APU BLEED ON can be used:
• to improve performance when TOGA is used
• to reduce EGT when FLEX thrust is used:
- This will increase the engine’s life and decrease Maintenance
costs
- This will help prevent EGT exceedances on engines with reduced
EGT margins.
 Zone Controller and FADEC protection logics ensure a safe takeoff in
case of abnormal bleed :
• no engine thrust asymmetry.
• no thrust loss after takeoff power application.
Bleeds effect Summary
Noorrmaall Oppeerraattiioonn
151
Flight Operations Support
10 September 2005
CFM PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Subject to restrictions on the cover or first pa ge
 From an engine standpoint, rolling takeoff is preferred
• Less FOD potential on contaminated runways
• Inlet vortex likely if takeoff N1 set below 30 KIAS
• Less potential for engine instability or stall during crosswind/tailwind
conditions
 N1 thrust management
• Engine control computes command N1 for max or reduced thrust
• Throttle “stand up” prior to full thrust (minimizes uneven acceleration)
• Pilot sets throttle for full thrust or reduced thrust
• Aircraft/engine controls maintain N1 at command value
Takeoff
Noorrmaall Oppeerraattiioonn
152
Flight Operations Support
10 September 2005
CFM PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Subject to restrictions on the cover or first pa ge
Cruise
 Avoid unnecessary use of ignition
• Conserves ignitor plug life
Noorrmaall Oppeerraattiioonn
Cruise Operation in icing conditions
 Only inlet cowl is anti-iced:
use ENG ANTI-ICE per FCOM
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
%N1 Fan vibes
(units)
Time (seconds)
Ice shed
point
 Fan/spinner ice manifested as vibration as ice
partially sheds
• If vibration encountered in icing conditions or as a preventive measure when
operating at 70% N1 or below in moderate to severe icing conditions, perform the
following procedure (1 engine at a time):
- Reduce N1 to 45%
- Increase N1 to 80% minimum then reduce as required for flight conditions
 
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