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accelerator system (carburetor system). A system in an aircraft carburetor used to supply additional fuel
to the engine when the throttle is suddenly opened. If an acceleration system were not used, the engine
would get a momentarily lean mixture until enough air is pulled through the carburetor to meter the correct
amount of fuel into the cylinders.
accelerator winding (voltage regulator component). A series winding on the voltage regulator coil in a
vibrator-type generator control unit.
Current flowing through the accelerator winding produces a magnetic field which helps hold the
points tightly closed against the force of a spring. As soon as the points begin to open, this field collapses,
and the spring snaps the points open quickly.
accelerometer. A sensitive instrument that measures the amount of force exerted on an object because of
its acceleration. Accelerometers are calibrated in G-units (Gravity units). One G-unit is a force equal to the
weight of the object.
acceptable data. Data found in such aviation maintenance documents as manufacturer’s maintenance
manuals, service bulletins and letters, and AC 43.13-1 and 43.13-2.
Acceptable data may be submitted to the FAA for a particular repair or alteration, and it may or
may not be approved, depending upon its applicability to the specific job.
acceptance test. A test made by a person who buys equipment to be sure the equipment is exactly as
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specified in the purchase contract. All large and expensive aircraft are given extensive acceptance tests
before the customer accepts them.
acceptor atom (solid state electronics). An atom of a chemical element alloyed with silicon or germanium
to give the material a deficiency of electrons, making the material into a P-type material.
See acceptor impurity.
acceptor impurity (solid state electronics). A trivalent chemical element alloyed with a semiconductor
material to produce atoms that accept free electrons to complete their covalent bond.
Boron, aluminum, gallium, and indium are elements commonly used as acceptor impurities.
access door. A door which provides access to the inside of an aircraft structure.
accessories (engine components). Devices used with an aircraft engine that are not parts of the engine
itself. Magnetos, carburetors, generators, and fuel pumps are commonly installed engine accessories.
accessory drive gearbox. A portion of an aircraft engine containing the drive gears to operate such
accessories as fuel pumps, air pumps, and generators. These accessories mount on pads on the
accessory-drive gearbox.
accessory drive shaft. A shaft used in some gas turbine engines to drive the accessory gearbox. The
accessory drive shaft is driven by bevel gears from the compressor shaft.
accessory end. The end of a reciprocating engine away from the propeller on which many of the
accessories are mounted. The accessory end is also called the antipropeller end.
accessory gear train. A group of gears that drive an accessory from the crankshaft of a reciprocating
engine or from the compressor drive shaft of a gas turbine engine.
accessory section (reciprocating engine). The portion of an aircraft engine crankcase on which such
accessories as magnetos, carburetors, generators, fuel pumps, and hydraulic pumps are mounted.
access panel. An easily removable panel that allows access to some portion of an aircraft structure for
inspection and maintenance.
accident. An event that happens by chance or from some unknown cause.
An accident is usually thought to be an unfortunate situation or event.
accumulated error. The sum of all the errors occurring in the operation of a system or in the manufacture
of a part.
If the errors are in opposite directions, they cancel, but if they are in the same direction, the
accumulated error is greater than any of the individual errors.
accumulator (British terminology). An electrical storage battery.
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accumulator (electronic computer). A device in a digital computer that stores a number and, upon the
receipt of a second number, adds the two and stores the sum.
accumulator (hydraulic system component). A component in a hydraulic system that allows a
noncompressible fluid, such as oil, to be stored under pressure. An accumulator has two compartments
separated by a flexible or movable partition such as a diaphragm, bladder, or piston. One compartment
contains compressed air or nitrogen, and the other is connected into the source of hydraulic pressure.
When oil is pumped into the accumulator, the partition moves over and increases the pressure of
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航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 上(5)
