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antimissile missile. A missile launched from the surface or from an aircraft to locate and destroy another
missile.
antimony. A hard, brittle, lustrous, silvery-white metallic chemical element. Antimony’s symbol is Sb, its
atomic number is 51, and its atomic weight is 121.75. Antimony expands as it changes from its molten state
into a solid state, and because of this, it is an important alloying element with lead for type metal and for
making lead-acid storage batteries.
antipropeller end (aircraft engine). The end of an aircraft engine opposite the end to which the propeller
is attached. Front or back is not always a good way to identify the ends of an aircraft engine, because the
engine may be used with the propeller either in front or in back. To identify the ends of an engine correctly,
the terms propeller end and antipropeller end are used. The antipropeller end is often called the accessory
end.
antiseize compound. A lubricant used on threads to prevent their locking together. Antiseize compound is
specially needed on spark plugs in reciprocating engines and on threaded fasteners in the hot section of gas
turbine engines.
antiservo tab. A tab installed on the trailing edge of a stabilator. The tab automatically moves in the same
direction as the stabilator to produce a stabilizing aerodynamic force that tries to bring the surface back to a
streamline position. An antiservo tab is also called an antibalance tab.
antiskid brake system. An electrohydraulic control in an airplane’s power brake system that prevents the
wheels skidding on wet or icy runways.
A wheel-speed sensor monitors the deceleration rate of every main landing gear wheel. If any
wheel decelerates too rapidly, indicating an impending skid, pressure to that brake is released and the wheel
stops decelerating. Pressure is then reapplied at a slightly lower value.
antitear strips. Strips of aircraft fabric laid under the reinforcing tape before the fabric is stitched to an
aircraft wing.
antitorque pedals (helicopter controls). Foot pedals used by the pilot to control the pitch of the antitorque
rotor on the tail of a single-rotor helicopter.
Controlling the pitch of the antitorque rotor allows the pilot to rotate the helicopter about its
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 41
vertical axis.
anvil. A hard-faced block used as a surface on which parts may be hammered or shaped.
anvil cloud (meteorology). The popular term given to the top portion of a cumulonimbus cloud because of
its anvil shape.
aperiodic compass. A form of aircraft magnetic compass that has damping vanes on the float. These vanes
keep the compass from oscillating when flying in rough air or when the aircraft is turned to a new heading.
aperiodic damping. Damping which prevents an object overswinging, or moving past its at-rest position.
If a pendulum does not have aperiodic damping, when it is disturbed from its at-rest position, it will move
back toward this position but will overshoot and oscillate back and forth, with each oscillation smaller than
the swing before it.
An aperiodically damped pendulum will not swing back and forth, but will stop just as it reaches
its at-rest position. Aperiodic damping is also called dead-beat damping.
aperture antenna. An antenna whose beam width is controlled by the size of the reflector, horn, or lens
used.
API scale. A scale developed by the American Petroleum Institute to measure the specific gravity of a
liquid.
apogee. The point at which an orbiting vehicle is the greatest distance from the center of the object it is
circling.
apparent power (electrical power). The power in an alternating-current circuit which is the product of the
total current and the source voltage. Apparent power, measured in volt-amps, must be multiplied by the
power factor to get true power in watts.
apparent weight. The weight of an object when it is immersed in a liquid. It is the weight of the object,
less the weight of the liquid it displaces, and is the difference between the force of gravity acting downward
on the object and the buoyant force produced by the liquid acting upward.
appliance. Any device used in the operation of an aircraft that is not a part of the airframe, engine, or
propeller. Pumps, actuators, generators, instruments, and radio receivers and transmitters are all examples
of appliances.
14 CFR Part 1: “Any instrument, mechanism, equipment, part, apparatus, appurtenance, or
accessory, including communications equipment that is used or intended to be used in operating or
controlling an aircraft in flight, is installed in or attached to the aircraft, and is not part of an airframe,
engine, or propeller.”
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航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 上(28)
