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air navigation. Flight recorders comprise two systems - a
flight data recorder and a cockpit voice recorder. Flight data
recorders are classified as Type I, Type I1 and Type IIA
depending upon the number of parameters to be recorded and
the duration required for retention of the recorded information.
1. Flight data recorder (FDR)
1.1 General requirements
1.1.1 The FDR is to record continuously during flight
time.
1.1.2 The FDR container is to:
a) be painted a distinctive orange or yellow colour;
b) carry reflective material to facilitate its location; and
c) have securely attached an automatically activated underwater
locating device.
1.1.3 The FDR is to be installed so that:
a) the probability of damage to the recording is minimized.
To meet this requirement it should be located as far aft as
practicable. In the case of pressurized aeroplanes it should
be located in the vicinity of the rear pressure bulkhead;
b) it receives its electrical power from a bus that provides
the maximum reliability for operation of the FDR without
jeopardizing service to essential or emergency loads;
and
1.2.2 Types II and IIA FDRs. These FDRs will be capable
of recording, as appropriate to the aeroplane, at least the first
15 parameters in Table D-1. However, other parameters may
be substituted with due regard to the aeroplane type and the
characteristics of the recording equipment.
1.3 Additional information
1.3.1 A Type IIA FDR, in addition to a 30-minute
recording duration, is to retain sufficient information from the
preceding take-off for calibration purposes.
1.3.2 The measurement range, recording interval and
accuracy of parameters on installed equipment is usually verified
by methods approved by the appropriate certificating authority.
1.3.3 The manufacturer usually provides the national
certificating authority with the following information in
respect of the FDR:
a) manufacturer's operating instructions, equipment limitations
and installation procedures;
b) parameter origin or source and equations which relate
counts to units of measurement; and
c) manufacturer's test reports.
1.3.4 Documentation concerning parameter allocation,
conversion equations, periodic calibration and other serviceabilitytmaintenance
information should be maintained by the
operator. The documentation must be sufficient to ensure that
accident investigation authorities have the necessary information
to read out the data in engineering units.
2. Cockpit voice recorder (CVR)
c) there is an aural or visual means for pre-flight checking
that the FDR is operating properly.
1.2 Parameters to be recorded
1.2.1 Type I FDR. This FDR will be capable of recording,
as appropriate to the aeroplane, at least the 32 parameters in
Table D- 1. However, other parameters may be substituted with
due regard to the aeroplane type and the characteristics of the
recording equipment.
2.1 General requirements
2.1.1 The CVR is to be designed so that it will record at
least the following:
a) voice communication transmitted from or received in
the aeroplane by radio;
b) aural environment on the flight deck;
ANNEX 6 - PART I ATT D-1 111 1/01
Annex 6 - Operation of Aircraft Part I
c) voice communication of flight crew members on the Track 2 - pilot headphones and live boom microphone
flight deck using the aeroplane's interphone system;
Track 3 - area microphone
d) voice or audio signals identifying navigation or
approach aids introduced in the headset or speaker;
Track 4 - time reference plus the third and fourth crew
e) voice communication of flight crew members using the members' headphone and live microphone, if
passenger address system, if installed; and applicable.
f) digital communications with ATS, unless recorded by Note 1.- Track I is located closest to the base of the
the FDR. recording head.
2.1.2 The CVR container is to:
a) be painted a distinctive orange or yellow colour;
b) carry reflective material to facilitate its location; and
c) have securely attached an automatically activated underwater
locating device.
2.1.3 To aid in voice and sound discrimination, microphones
in the cockpit are to be located in the best position for
recording voice communications originating at the pilot and
co-pilot stations and voice communications of other crew
members on the flight deck when directed to those stations.
This can best be achieved by wiring suitable boom microphones
to record continuously on separate channels.
2.1.4 The CVR is to be installed so that:
a) the probability of damage to the recording is minimized.
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ICAO 附件6 Operation of Aircraft(71)
