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letters at the bottom of the flight mode annunciator boxes.
Autothrottle Modes
Autothrottle annunciations are:
THR - autothrottle applies thrust tomaintain the climb/descent rate required by the
pitch mode.
THR REF – thrust set to the reference thrust limit displayed on EICAS.
IDLE – displays while the autothrottle moves thrust levers to idle; IDLE mode is
followed by HOLD mode.
HOLD – thrust lever autothrottle servos are inhibited. The pilot can set the thrust
levers manually.
SPD – autothrottle maintains command speed. Command speed can be set using
the MCP IAS/Mach selector or, by the FMC, as displayed on the CDU CLIMB,
CRUISE, or DESCENT page. Autothrottle will not exceed thrust limits displayed
on EICAS. Speed protection is not provided when the pitch mode is V/S.
Roll Modes
Roll annunciations are:
LNAV –
April 01, 2001
747 Operations Manual
Automatic Flight -
System Description
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
D6-30151-425 4.20.5
Arm LNAV by pushing the LNAV switch (the light illuminates and LNAV
annunciates on the PFD roll mode annunciator in white characters below the
current roll mode).
• LNAV (armed) – LNAV is armed to activate when parameters are met
• LNAV (active) – LNAV activates when above 50 feet and in position to
turn onto the active route leg. In flght, selection causes immediate
activation if within 2 1/2 NM of the active leg
HDG –
• HDG SEL (active) – airplane turns to or maintains the heading set in the
MCP heading window
• HDG HOLD (active) – AFDS holds present heading. When turning,
AFDS holds the heading reached after rolling wings level
ATT – (active) – when the autopilot is first engaged or the flight director is first
turned on in flight, AFDS holds a bank angle between 5 and 30 degrees and will
not roll to wings level. When the bank angle is less than 5 degrees, AFDS rolls to
wings level (HDG HOLD).When the bank angle is greater than 30 degrees, AFDS
rolls to 30 degrees of bank.
LOC –
• LOC (armed) – AFDS captures the localizer when within range and
within 120 degrees of the localizer course
• LOC (active) – AFDS follows the localizer course
TO/GA –
• On the ground, TO/GA annunciates by positioning either flight director
switch ON when both flight directors are OFF. TO/GA roll and pitch
guidance become active at lift–off
• In flight, TO/GA arms with flaps out of up or at glideslope capture. There
is no flight mode annunciation for TO/GA armed in flight; although the
reference thrust limit changes to GA. TO/GA is activated in flight by
pushing a TO/GA switch. The roll steering indication provides guidance
to maintain the ground track present at mode engagement
ROLLOUT –
• ROLLOUT (armed) – displays below 1,500 feet radio altitude and
activates below 5 feet
• ROLLOUT (active) – after touchdown, AFDS uses rudder and nosewheel
steering to steer the airplane on the localizer centerline
Pitch Modes
Pitch annunciations are:
TO/GA –
December 01, 1999
747 Operations Manual
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
4.20.6 D6-30151-425
Automatic Flight -
System Description
On the ground, TO/GA annunciates by positioning either flight director switch
ON when both flight directors are OFF. The flight director pitch bar indicates an
initial pitch of eight degrees up.
After takeoff, the AFDS commands a pitch attitude to maintain:
• during rotation, a pitch attitude, less than the pitch limit indicator (PLI), to
maintain a target speed of V2 plus 10 knots or airspeed at rotation (pitch
attitude greater than two degrees) plus 10 knots, whichever is greater
• if current airspeed remains above the target speed for 5 seconds, target
airspeed resets to current airspeed, to a maximum of V2 plus 25 knots
• IAS/MACH window speed if IAS/MACH window speed is changed to a
speed greater than the target speed
Note: AFDS uses the speed set in the IAS/MACH window for V2.
After the reference thrust limit changes from takeoff to climb, TO/GA arms
whenever flaps are out of up or at glideslope capture.
When a go–around is initiated, the command speed is theMCP IAS/Mach window
or current airspeed, whichever is higher. If the airspeed increases and remains
above the initial target airspeed for five seconds, target airspeed resets to current
airspeed to a maximum of the IAS/MACH window speed plus 25 knots. If
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