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747 Operations Manual
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
4.20.12 D6-30151-425
Automatic Flight -
System Description
Pushing the LOC switch arms only the localizer. Localizer capture can occur when
the intercept angle is less than 120 degrees.
Runway Alignment and Asymmetric Thrust Compensation
AFDS controls the rudder during multiple A/P approaches to compensate for
crosswind landings and engine-out asymmetric thrust conditions. With LAND 2
or LAND 3 annunciated, A/P control of the rudder is active.
For crosswinds requiring more than 10 degrees of crab angle, runway alignment
occurs at 500 feet AGL. A sideslip of 5 degrees is established to reduce the crab
angle. This configuration is maintained until touchdown. The airplane lands with
the upwind wing low.
For crosswinds requiring a crab angle of between 5 and 10 degrees, an initial
alignment occurs at 500 feet AGL, followed by a second alignment at 200 feet
AGL. The initial alignment initiates a sideslip to reduce the crab angle to 5
degrees. This configuration is maintained to 200 feet AGL, where a second
sideslip alignment increases the sideslip to further reduce the touchdown crab
angle.
For crosswinds requiring a crab angle of less than 5 degrees, runway alignment
occurs at 200 feet AGL, where a sideslip is introduced to align the airplane with
the runway.
If an engine fails prior to the approach, AFDS introduces a sideslip at 1,300 feet
AGL. This establishes a wings level configuration. If an engine fails during the
approach, the wings level configuration is established when the engine failure is
detected.
If moderate or strong crosswinds are from the side opposite the failed engine, no
wings level sideslip is commanded, since the airplane is already banked into the
wind.
If the A/Ps are disengaged, manually or automatically, in an asymmetric thrust
condition with rudder control active, the rudder moves to the trimmed position.
The pilot may need to exert rudder pedal force to maintain a smooth transition to
manual flying.
Flare
The flare maneuver brings the airplane to a smooth automatic landing touchdown.
The flare mode is not intended for single autopilot or flight director only
operation.
Flare arms when LAND 3 or LAND 2 annunciates. At approximately 50 feet radio
altitude, the autopilots start the flare maneuver. FLARE replaces the G/S pitch
flight mode annunciation.
April 01, 2001
747 Operations Manual
Automatic Flight -
System Description
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
D6-30151-425 4.20.13
During flare:
• at 25 feet radio altitude, the autothrottle retards thrust levers to idle
• IDLE replaces the SPD autothrottle flight mode annunciation
• at touchdown, the FLARE annunciation no longer displays, and the nose
lowers to the runway
Rollout
Rollout provides localizer centerline rollout guidance. Rollout arms when
LAND 3 or LAND 2 annunciates.
At approximately five feet radio altitude, rollout activates. ROLLOUT replaces
the LOC roll flight mode annunciation.
The autopilot controls rudder and nose wheel steering to track the localizer
centerline.
During rollout, autothrottle IDLE mode remains active until the autothrottle
disconnects with thrust levers in reverse.
Rollout guidance continues until the autopilots are disengaged.
Note: Ten seconds after reverse thrust levers are down, autothrottle is armed until
flaps are UP. Pushing a TO/GA switch while the autothrottle is armed
activates the autothrottle in THR REF mode.
April 01, 2001
747 Operations Manual
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
4.20.14 D6-30151-425
Automatic Flight -
System Description
Automatic Flight Approach Profile
Automatic Flight - Go–Around
Go-around arms and the reference thrust limit changes to GA when the flaps are
out of UP or glideslope is captured.
Pushing either TO/GA switch activates a go–around. The mode remains active
even if the airplane touches down while executing the go–around.
When the flight director switches are not on, pushing either TO/GA switch
displays the flight director bars.
The TO/GA switches are inhibited two seconds after radio altitude decreases
through five feet on landing. TO/GA is enabled again three seconds after radio
altitude increases through five feet for a rejected landing or touch and go.
4_0_-_6_0_ __f_t._ _R_A_
S__e_l_e_c_t_e_d
LOC CAPTURE
G/S
___________
G/S CAPTURE
IDLE
___________
SPD
SPD
SPD
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波音747-441操作手册1(101)
