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speed scale to indicate forbidden/acceptable vertical speeds. TCAS overlays are available on both the PFD and MFD. A
TCAS only map is available on the MFD. Identical TCAS control selections show on both onside and cross-side MFDs so
that either pilot can make TCAS control selections. Also aural alerts will sound over the cockpit audio system.
TRAFFIC ADVISORY
A traffic advisory (TA) is issued when an intruding aircraft penetrating the 35 second TCAS surveillance area and is considered
by the TCAS computer to be a possible threat. The traffic advisory provides the flight crew with an opportunity to
use the TCAS page on the MFD to assist in visually locating the intruding aircraft.
The following advisories are shown on the PFD and MFD and heard on the speakers:
- Aural advisory TRAFFIC TRAFFIC is sounded
- Amber CAS TRAFFIC is displayed below the VSI scale on the PFD
- Amber TAs are shown on the TCAS page of the MFD as a solid amber circle
NAVIGATION
Sep 13/2004 Flight Crew Operating Manual Volume 2
REV 1 CSP 100-6 17-01-11
TRAFFIC ALERT AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (TCAS) (Cont)
TCAS VOICE RELATED AURAL ALERTS
VOICE MESSAGE MEANING
Climb, Climb Climb at a nominal 1500 fpm
Climb, Crossing Climb
Same as Climb, Climb, aircraft’s flight path will cross the flight path
of the intruder
Increase Climb
Follows a climb advisory. Climb rate should be increased to the rate
on the VSI (nominally 2500 fpm)
Adjust Vertical Speed, Adjust Reduce vertical speed to speed shown on vertical speed indicator
Descend, Descend NOW
Follows a climb advisory. TCAS indicates that a reversal of vertical
speed is needed to provide adequate separation.
Descend Descend Descend to nominal 1500 fpm
Descend, Crossing, Descend
Same as Descend, Descend, aircraft’s flight path will cross the flight
path of the intruder
Increase Descent
Follows a descent advisory. Descent rate should be increased to the
rate on the VSI (nominally 2500 fpm).
Reduce Descent Reduce vertical speed to speed shown on vertical speed indicator
Climb, Climb NOW
Follows a descent advisory. TCAS indicates that a reversal of vertical
speed is needed to provide adequate separation.
Monitor Vertical Speed
Follow the vertical speed indicator. The present vertical speed of the
aircraft is not within the area indicated by the VSI
Clear Of Conflict Reposition to assigned altitude
Maintain Vertical Speed, Maintain Maintain climb or descent rate
Maintain Vertical Speed, Crossing
Maintain
Maintain climb rate
Traffic, Traffic Traffic Advisory
NAVIGATION
Volume 2 Flight Crew Operating Manual Sep 13/2004
17-01-12 CSP 100-6 REV 1
TRAFFIC ALERT AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (TCAS) (Cont)
PFD TCAS INDICATIONS
Resolution Advisories are presented on the PFD.
The word TRAFFIC appears below the altitude strip display on the PFD in the colors indicated below:
- Red TRAFFIC appears for a Resolution Advisory (RA)
- Amber TRAFFIC appears for a Traffic Advisory (TA)
- White TCAS TEST appears when the system is tested
- White TA ONLY appears when RA is inhibited
- White TCAS OFF appears when the system is off
The failure messages appear on the VSI and MFD. They are:
- TCAS RA FAIL
- TCAS FAIL
TCAS RESOLUTION ADVISORIES (RA) INHIBITS
TCAS Resolution Advisories (RA) and some aural alerts are inhibited below certain radio altitudes. Radio altitudes and the
associated RA status are as follows:
RADIO ALTITUDE RESOLUTION ADVISORY (RA) STATUS
Below 900 ft AGL, descending
Below 1100 ft climbing
All RA’s inhibited. (TA ONLY) and TA Aural message inhibited
Below 1000 ft AGL descending
Below 1200 ft climbing
“DESCEND RA” inhibited
Below 1450 ft AGL “INCREASE DESCENT” inhibited
NAVIGATION
Sep 13/2004 Flight Crew Operating Manual Volume 2
REV 1 CSP 100-6 17-01-13
TERRAIN AWARENESS WARNING SYSTEM (TAWS)
DESCRIPTION
The primary purpose of the terrain awareness warning system (TAWS) is to provide alerts and warnings to avoid controlled
flight into terrain (CFIT) and to provide detected windshear warning. The system provides the flight crew with aural alert
messages and visual annunciations and displays in the event that the boundaries of any alerting envelopes are exceeded.
The TAWS contains three systems in one line replaceable unit.
- Ground proximity
- Terrain/obstacle awareness
- Windshear systems
The Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) produces warnings that require action based on real time input to
the GPWS. These warnings help prevent CFIT and are categorized into 5 modes. Each mode has a distinct aural and visual
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