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used, they shall, in voice communications, be spoken as
follows:
K — KOPTER
U — UPPER
S — SUPERSONIC
The word “kopter” shall be pronounced as in the word
“helicopter” and the words “upper” and “supersonic” as in the
English language.
4.4 Where the letters “F”, “G”, “Y” or “Z” specified in
2.4 above are used, the flight crew should not be required to
use them in voice communications.
ANNEX 11 APP 2-1 1/11/01
APPENDIX 2. PRINCIPLES GOVERNING THE ESTABLISHMENT AND
IDENTIFICATION OF SIGNIFICANT POINTS
(Chapter 2, Section 2.13 refers)
1. Establishment of significant points
1.1 Significant points should, whenever possible, be
established with reference to ground-based radio navigation
aids, preferably VHF or higher frequency aids.
1.2 Where such ground-based radio navigation aids do
not exist, significant points shall be established at locations
which can be determined by self-contained airborne navigation
aids, or, where navigation by visual reference to the ground is
to be effected, by visual observation. Specific points may be
designated as ‘‘transfer of control’’ points by agreement
between adjacent air traffic control units or control positions
concerned.
2. Designators for significant points
marked by the site of
a radio navigation aid
2.1 Plain language name for significant points
marked by the site of a radio navigation aid
2.1.1 Whenever practicable, significant points shall be
named with reference to an identifiable and preferably
prominent geographical location.
2.1.2 In selecting a name for the significant point, care
shall be taken to ensure that the following conditions are
met:
a) the name shall not create difficulties in pronunciation
for pilots or ATS personnel when speaking in the
language used in ATS communications. Where the
name of a geographical location in the national language
selected for designating a significant point gives rise
to difficulties in pronunciation, an abbreviated or
contracted version of this name, which retains as much
of its geographical significance as possible, shall be
selected;
Example: FUERSTENFELDBRUCK = FURSTY
b) the name shall be easily recognizable in voice
communications and shall be free of ambiguity with
those of other significant points in the same general
area. In addition, the name shall not create confusion
with respect to other communications exchanged between
air traffic services and pilots;
c) the name should, if possible, consist of at least six letters
and form two syllables and preferably not more than
three;
d) the selected name shall be the same for both the
significant point and the radio navigation aid marking it.
2.2 Composition of coded designators for
significant points marked by the site
of a radio navigation aid
2.2.1 The coded designator shall be the same as the radio
identification of the radio navigation aid. It shall be so
composed, if possible, as to facilitate association with the
name of the point in plain language.
2.2.2 Coded designators shall not be duplicated within
1 100 km (600 NM) of the location of the radio navigation aid
concerned, except as noted hereunder.
Note.— When two radio navigation aids operating in
different bands of the frequency spectrum are situated at the
same location, their radio identifications are normally the
same.
2.3 States’ requirements for coded designators shall be
notified to the Regional Offices of ICAO for coordination.
3. Designators for significant points
not marked by the site of
a radio navigation aid
3.1 Where a significant point is required at a position not
marked by the site of a radio navigation aid, the significant
point shall be designated by a unique five-letter pronounceable
“name-code”. This name-code designator then serves as
the name as well as the coded designator of the significant
point.
3.2 This name-code designator shall be selected so as to
avoid any difficulties in pronunciation by pilots or ATS
Annex 11 — Air Traffic Services Appendix 2
1/11/01 APP 2-2
personnel when speaking in the language used in ATS
communications.
Examples: ADOLA, KODAP
3.3 The name-code designator shall be easily recognizable
in voice communications and shall be free of
ambiguity with those used for other significant points in the
same general area.
3.4 The name-code designator assigned to a significant
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