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. FMS vertical-deviation indication, as applicable;
. Navaids and instruments raw-data; and,
. Charted descent-and-approach profile.
Wind conditions and wind changes should be monitored closely to anticipate any reduction in head wind component or increase in tail wind component, and to adjust the flight path profile in a timely manner. The descent profile may be monitored and adjusted based on a typical 3000 ft per 10 nm descent gradient (corrected for the prevailing head wind component or tail wind component), while complying with the required altitude and/or speed restrictions (i.e., ensuring adequate deceleration management).
The flight path vector, as available, can be used to monitor the descent profile by checking that the remaining track-distance to touchdown (in nm) is approximately equal to the FL divided by the flight-path-angle (FPA, in degrees):
Distance-to-go (nm) = FL / FPA (degrees)
Note:
In the above rule of thumb, the FL should be understood as the FL difference (Δ FL) between the current aircraft FL and the airfield FL.
Below 10 000 ft, flying at 250 kt IAS, the following rules of thumb may be used to confirm the descent profile and ensure a smooth transition between the various phases of the approach:
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