TAXIING - MAINTENANCE PRACTICES
1. General
A. Safety Aspects of Taxiing
(1) Taxiing an airplane requires caution and precision and should be done only by qualified personnel. The taxi path must be clear of all personnel and vehicles. Proper taxi authority from airport ground control must be obtained to avoid interference with other airport operations. Clearance from buildings and other airplanes must be maintained at all times. Electrical power must be applied for operation of taxi lights, navigation lights, radio and intercom equipment, and other systems needed for safe taxiing. The applicable airplane hydraulic systems must be pressurized to provide pressure for airplane braking and nose wheel steering systems. Taxi operations conducted at night or in adverse weather conditions require additional crew awareness of surroundings such as parked vehicles, maintenance stands, and pavement surface conditions. An airline taxi checklist for maintenance personnel is essential to assist the crew in a safe taxi operation.
B. Maintenance Personnel Requirements
(1) Personnel required for taxi operations include a cockpit crew and a ground crew. The minimum number of cockpit personnel required is two (one taxi qualified person and one observer). One or two ground crew personnel are required for removal and replacement of chocks, for assistance in engine start-up, for providing guidance for airplane movement, and for clearing the taxi path. In areas of congestion or close quarters (hangers, ramp areas next to the terminal, airplane parking areas, etc.), additional ground personnel may be required for use as wing guides and observers. One cockpit person must be qualified on all aspects of taxi operations such as:
NOTE: It is not necessary for the observer to be taxi qualified.
(a)
Cockpit preparation
(b)
Engine start-up, operation, and shutdown procedures
(c)
Engine fire and emergency procedures
(d)
Radio and intercom operation and procedures
(e)
Taxi procedures (turning methods, wingtip clearances, taxi speeds, etc.)
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Feb 20/94 BOEING PROPRIETARY - Copyright . - Unpublished Work - See title page for details. 9-20-0 Page 201
C. Communications
(1) Most of the airplane and much of the ground operations activity near the airplane are out of the field of view afforded by the flight deck windows. Communication between airplane and ground crews is required during engine start-up, removal and replacement of chocks, and engine shutdown. The use of hand signals, lights, and intercom and/or radio communications is important to a safe operation. Communications with ground control authority is also required for taxi operations. This ensures that tower personnel are aware of the taxi movement and the path to be taken.
D. Guidelines for Taxiing
(1)
Maneuvering the airplane on the ground is accomplished in a manner similar to that used for other tricycle geared airplanes. Nose wheel steering and engine thrust, as required, should be used for taxiing the airplane.
(2)
Always use the largest turning radius possible and never attempt to turn the airplane until it is moving. Make all turns at a slow taxi speed to avoid possible skidding. When an outboard engine is used to assist in a turn, use as little power as is necessary. Do not allow the airplane to stop in a turn.
(3)
Avoid use of brakes to aid in making a turn (refer to par. 9 for exception). The minimum radius turn should be made with maximum nose wheel steering and engine thrust only. Braking during a turn results in scrubbing of the main gear and nose gear tires.
(4)
The wingtips and the horizontal stabilizer describe larger arcs during a turn than the nose of the airplane. Therefore, these must be watched carefully for clearance with buildings, equipment, and other airplanes on the ramp.
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