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assigned to an air traffic control unit having adequate facilities
for the discharge of such responsibility.
Note.— This does not preclude delegating to other units the
function of providing certain elements of the flight information
service.
2.8.2 Air traffic control units shall be established to
provide air traffic control service, flight information service
and alerting service within control areas, control zones and at
controlled aerodromes.
Note.— The services to be provided by various air traffic
control units are indicated in 3.2.
Annex 11 — Air Traffic Services Chapter 2
1/11/01 2-4
2.9 Specifications for flight information
regions, control areas and control zones
2.9.1 Recommendation.— The delineation of airspace,
wherein air traffic services are to be provided, should be
related to the nature of the route structure and the need for
efficient service rather than to national boundaries.
Note 1.— Agreements to permit the delineation of airspace
lying across national boundaries are advisable when such
action will facilitate the provision of air traffic services (see
2.1.1). Agreements which permit delineation of airspace
boundaries by straight lines will, for example, be most
convenient where data processing techniques are used by air
traffic services units.
Note 2.— Where delineation of airspace is made by
reference to national boundaries there is a need for suitably
sited transfer points to be mutually agreed upon.
2.9.2 Flight information regions
2.9.2.1 Flight information regions shall be delineated to
cover the whole of the air route structure to be served by such
regions.
2.9.2.2 A flight information region shall include all
airspace within its lateral limits, except as limited by an upper
flight information region.
2.9.2.3 Where a flight information region is limited by an
upper flight information region, the lower limit specified for
the upper flight information region shall constitute the upper
vertical limit of the flight information region and shall
coincide with a VFR cruising level of the tables in Appendix 3
to Annex 2.
Note.— In cases where an upper flight information region
is established the procedures applicable therein need not be
identical with those applicable in the underlying flight
information region.
2.9.3 Control areas
2.9.3.1 Control areas including, inter alia, airways and
terminal control areas shall be delineated so as to encompass
sufficient airspace to contain the flight paths of those IFR
flights or portions thereof to which it is desired to provide the
applicable parts of the air traffic control service, taking into
account the capabilities of the navigation aids normally used in
that area.
Note.— In a control area other than one formed by a
system of airways, a system of routes may be established to
facilitate the provision of air traffic control.
2.9.3.2 A lower limit of a control area shall be established
at a height above the ground or water of not less than 200 m
(700 ft).
Note.— This does not imply that the lower limit has to be
established uniformly in a given control area (see Figure A-5
of the Air Traffic Services Planning Manual (Doc 9426),
Part I, Section 2, Chapter 3).
2.9.3.2.1 Recommendation.— The lower limit of a
control area should, when practicable and desirable in order
to allow freedom of action for VFR flights below the control
area, be established at a greater height than the minimum
specified in 2.9.3.2.
2.9.3.2.2 Recommendation.— When the lower limit of a
control area is above 900 m (3 000 ft) MSL it should coincide
with a VFR cruising level of the tables in Appendix 3 to
Annex 2.
Note.— This implies that the selected VFR cruising level be
such that expected local atmospheric pressure variations do
not result in a lowering of this limit to a height of less than
200 m (700 ft) above ground or water.
2.9.3.3 An upper limit of a control area shall be
established when either:
a) air traffic control service will not be provided above
such upper limit; or
b) the control area is situated below an upper control area,
in which case the upper limit shall coincide with the
lower limit of the upper control area.
When established, such upper limit shall coincide with a VFR
cruising level of the tables in Appendix 3 to Annex 2.
2.9.4 Flight information regions or
control areas in the upper airspace
Recommendation.— Where it is desirable to limit the
number of flight information regions or control areas through
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