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that will produce the greatest flight range per pound of
fuel under zero wind conditions.
7A.20.5 Maximum Endurance and Rate of
Climb. The maximum endurance and rate of climb
lines indicate the combinations of gross weight and airspeed
that will produce the maximum endurance and
the maximum rate of climb. The torque required for
level flight at this condition is a minimum, providing a
minimum fuel flow (maximum endurance) and a maximum
torque change available for climb (maximum rate
of climb).
7A.20.6 Change in Frontal Area. Since the cruise information
is given for the primary mission configuration,
adjustments to torque should be made when operating
with alternative wing-stores configurations. To
determine the change in torque, first obtain the appropriate
multiplying factor from the drag chart (fig
7A-18), then enter the cruise chart at the planned
cruise speed TAS, move right to the broken D Q line,
and move up and read D Q. Multiply D Q by the multiplying
factor to obtain change in torque, then add or
7A-15
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subtract change in torque from torque required for the
primary mission configuration. Enter the cruise chart
at resulting torque required, move up, and read fuel
flow. If the resulting torque required exceeds the governing
torque limit, the torque required must be reduced
to the limit. The resulting reduction in airspeed
may be found by subtracting the change in torque from
the limit torque; then enter the cruise chart at the reduced
torque, and move up to the gross weight. Move
left or right to read TAS or LAS. To determine the airspeed
for maximum range for alternative wing stores
configuration, reduce the value from the cruise chart by
2 knots for each 5 square feet increase in drag area, D F,
or increase maximum range airspeed 2 knots for each 5
square feet reduction in drag area. For example, for 16
Hellfire configuration D F = 9.6 square feet, from figure
7A-18. Therefore, maximum range airspeed would be
reduced
knots.
7A.20.7
by 2/5 x 9.6 = 3.84
Additional Uses.
cruise chart (below 40
knots, or approximately 4
The low-speed end of the
knots) is primarily to
familiarize you with the low-speed power requirements
of the helicopter. It shows the power margin available
for climb or acceleration during maneuvers, such as
NOE flight. At zero airspeed, the torque represents the
torque required to hover out of ground effect. In general,
mission planning for low-speed flight should be
based on hover out of ground effect.
7A.21 . CONDITIONS.
The cruise charts are based on 100% rotor rpm, ATF or
ETF = 1.0, ENG INLET ANTI-ICE switch OFF, JP-4
fuel, and dual-engine operation. Engine inlet anti-ice
and rotor blade de-ice effect are as follows:
a. With ENG INLET ANTI-ICE switch ON, fuel
flow will increase approximately 85 pounds per hour;
maximum continuous torque available could be reduced
by as much as 24.5%; maximum torque available,
30 minute limit could be reduced by as much as
20%; and maximum torque available, 10 minute limit
could be reduced by as much as 18.6%.
b. With rotor BLADE de-ice switch ON, fuel flow
will increase approximately 30 pounds per hour, and
torque required will increase 1.4%.
For example, with ENG INLET ANTI-ICE and rotor
BLADE de-ice off, torque required, from cruise chart is
50%, and maximum continuous torque is 92%. With
ENG INLET ANTI-ICE and rotor BLADE de-ice
switches ON, torque required will be 50 + 1.4 = 51.4%,
and maximum continuous torque will be approximately
92 -24.5 = 67.5%.
7A-16
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Figure 7A-7. Cruise Chart, Example
7A-17
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Figure 7A-8. Cruise Chart, Sea Level, +10 °C Example
7A-18
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Figure 7A-9. Cruise Chart, Sea Level, -50 °C and -40 °C (Sheet 1 of 6)
7A-19
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Figure 7A-9. Cruise Chart, Sea Level, -30 °C and -20 °C (Sheet 2 of 6)
7A-20
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Figure 7A-9. Cruise Chart, Sea Level, -10 °C and 0 °C (Sheet 3 of 6)
7A-21
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Figure 7A-9. Cruise Chart, Sea Level, +10 °C and +20 °C (Sheet 4 of 6)
7A-22
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Figure 7A-9. Cruise Chart, Sea Level, +30 °C and +40 °C (Sheet 5 of 6)
7A-23
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Figure 7A-9. Cruise Chart, Sea Level, +50 °C and +60 °C (Sheet 6 of 6)
7A-24
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Figure 7A-10. Cruise Chart, 2,000 Feet, -50 °C and -40 °C (Sheet 1 of 6)
7A-25
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Figure 7A-10. Cruise Chart, 2,000 Feet, -30 °C and -20 °C (Sheet 2 of 6)
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