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inputs remains the same as when the failure occurred, regardless of changes in
airspeed. Pilot inputs to the rudder may no longer be limited by the ratio changer
and abrupt rudder pedal inputs at high airspeeds could result in excessive rudder
deflections. At low airspeeds, full rudder deflection may not be available. The
airplane crosswind capability is reduced for both manual and automatic landings.
Yaw Dampers
Two independent yaw damper systems operate continuously in flight to improve
airplane directional stability and provide turn coordination. The upper and lower
yaw damper actuators are powered by hydraulic systems 3 and 2 respectively. Yaw
damper inputs do not result in rudder pedal motion.
With the Yaw Damper switches ON, the systems are powered. If a yaw damper
fault exists, hydraulic power is removed from the system and the related yaw
damper INOPERATIVE light illuminates.
April 1, 2000
747 Operations Manual
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
9.20.10 D6-30151-425
Flight Controls -
System Description
Rudder Control Diagram
Spoilers
There are six spoiler panels on each upper wing surface just forward of the trailing
edge flaps. The four inboard panels on each wing function as speedbrakes in
flight. On the ground, all six spoiler panels on each wing function as ground
spoilers. The speedbrake and ground spoiler functions are controlled with the
Speedbrake lever.
R
UDDE
R RIGHT
NOSE
10 5 0 5 10
NOSE LEFT UNITS NOSE RIGHT
RUDDER TRIM
LEFT
NOSE
CENTER
CTR
ON
INOP
2
3
4
1
UPPER
3
UPPER
YAW
DAMPER
CONTROLLER
FEEL
TRIM
AND
M
RUDDER
RATIO
UPPER
CHANGER
3
YAW
DAMPER
CONTROLLER
LOWER
2
CHANGER
M
RUDDER
RATIO
LOWER
M
INOP
ON
N_O_T_E_: Numbers in boxes refer LOWER
to hydraulic systems.
April 1, 2000
747 Operations Manual
Flight Controls -
System Description
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
D6-30151-425 9.20.11
The position of one spoiler on each wing is displayed on the EICAS status display.
On the left wing, the position of the fourth spoiler panel in from the wingtip is
displayed. This panel functions as a flight spoiler, speedbrake, and ground spoiler.
On the right wing, the position of the outboard-most spoiler panel is displayed.
This panel functions as a flight spoiler and ground spoiler only. Therefore,
speedbrake extension is not indicated on the right wing spoiler position indicator.
Speedbrakes
Speedbrake lever in-flight input is limited to mid-travel position by an automatic
stop. With the Speedbrake lever in flight detent position, the two inboard spoiler
panels on each wing extend to mid-travel position and the two middle spoiler
panels on each wing extend to full travel position.
Ground Spoilers
On the ground, the Speedbrake lever stop retracts allowing the Speedbrake lever
to be moved fully aft to UP position. All six spoiler panels on each wing extend to
their full travel positions.
When the Speedbrake lever is in ARMED position, thrust levers 1 and 3 are near
the closed position, and the main landing gear touch down, the Speedbrake lever
is driven to UP position, extending all spoiler panels.
If the Speedbrake lever is in DN position with the main gear on the ground and
thrust levers 1 and 3 near the closed position, and reverse thrust levers 2 or 4 are
pulled up to idle detent, the Speedbrake lever is raised out of DN detent and driven
to UP position. This provides an automatic ground spoiler function for RTO and
provides a backup automatic ground spoiler function for landing when the
Speedbrake lever is not armed during approach.
For go-around protection, if Thrust lever 1 or 3 is advanced from closed position,
the Speedbrake lever is driven to DN position. This occurs whether ground
spoilers were automatically or manually extended. The Speedbrake lever can be
manually returned to DN position.
The EICAS advisory message SPEEDBRAKE AUTO indicates a fault which
could result in the loss of the automatic ground spoiler function. If the Speedbrake
lever is in ARM position, the message indicates a fault which could result in
inadvertent spoiler extension in flight. No inadvertent spoiler extension can occur
with the Speedbrake lever in DN position. The spoilers can be operated manually.
April 1, 2000
747 Operations Manual
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
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