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Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) Alerts
Introduction
GPWS provides alerts for potentially hazardous flight conditions involving
imminent impact with the ground.
GPWS alerts are based on radio altitude, barometric altitude, IRS, airspeed, glide
slope deviation, and airplane configuration. GPWS alerts are provided for the
following:
• altitude loss after takeoff or go-around
• excessive and severe descent rate
• excessive terrain closing rate
• unsafe terrain clearance when not in the landing configuration
• excessive deviation below an ILS glide slope
• altitude advisories
• windshear.
GPWS warning aletrts are accompanied by the Master WARNING light
illuminating and voice aural alerts. GPWS caution alerts are accompanied by the
ground proximity light illuminating and voice aural alerts.
If illuminated, pushing a Master WARNING/CAUTION Reset switch resets the
Master WARNING lights but does not inhibit the GPWS warning.
GPWS caution alerts are accompanied by the ground proximity light illuminating.
The master CAUTION lights do not illuminate for GPWS caution alerts.
GPWS alerts are prioritized based on the level of hazard and the required flight
crew response. A windshear warning alert inhibits all other GPWS alerts.
Note: GPWS does not provide an alert for flight toward vertically sheer terrain
or slow descents into terrain while in landing configuration.
April 01, 2001
747 Operations Manual
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
15.20.14 D6-30151-425
Warning Systems -
System Description
GPWS Alerts
Aural Alert Visual Alert Description
DON’T SINK GND PROX light Altitude loss with flaps and/or gear up after
takeoff or go-around.
GLIDE SLOPE GND PROX light Excessive deviation below glide slope.
Volume and repetition rate increase as
deviation increases.
Pushing the GND PROX G/S INHIB switch
inhibits the alert when pushed below 1,000
feet radio altitude.
PULL UP Red PULL UP
message on both
PFDs
Master WARNING
lights
GND PROX light
Follows SINK RATE alert when descent rate
becomes severe, or
follows TERRAIN alert with flaps and/or
gear not in landing configuration when
excessive terrain closing rate continues.
SINK RATE GND PROX light Excessive descent rate.
TERRAIN GND PROX light Excessive terrain closing rate.
April 01, 2001
747 Operations Manual
Warning Systems -
System Description
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
D6-30151-425 15.20.15
Altitude Voice Annunciations During Approach
GPWS provides the following altitude voice annunciations during approach:
• 100 feet – ONE HUNDRED
• 50feet–FIFTY
• 30 feet – THIRTY
• 10 feet – TEN
GPWSWindshear Alert
Windshear alerts are enabled during takeoff, approach, and landing:
• GPWS provides an immediate windshear alert when an excessive
downdraft or tailwind is occurring
Windshear warning alerts are accompanied by the master WARNING light
illuminating.
Pushing a Master WARNING/CAUTION reset switch extinguishes the master
WARNING lights and resets the master WARNING lights but does not inhibit
windshear alerts.
TOO LOW,
FLAPS
GND PROX light Unsafe terrain clearance with flaps not in
landing configuration at low altitude and
airspeed.
Pushing the GRND PROX FLAP OVRD
switch to OVRD inhibits the alert.
TOO LOW,
GEAR
GND PROX light Unsafe terrain clearance with gear not in
landing configuration at low altitude and
airspeed with gear not down.
Pushing the GRND PROX GEAR OVRD
switch to OVRD inhibits the alert.
TOO LOW,
TERRAIN
GND PROX light Follows DON’T SINK alert with gear and/or
flaps up after takeoff or go-around for
altitude loss at low altitude, or
unsafe terrain clearance with gear and/or
flaps not in landing configuration at low
altitude and airspeed.
Pushing the GRND PROX FLAP OVRD
switch to OVRD inhibits the alert, when the
alert is due to flaps not in landing position.
Pushing the GRND PROX GEAR OVRD
switch to OVRD inhibits the alert, when the
alert is due to gear not down.
Aural Alert Visual Alert Description
April 01, 2001
747 Operations Manual
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
15.20.16 D6-30151-425
Warning Systems -
System Description
Immediate WindshearWarning
GPWS Non-Normal Operation
If there is a fault in any GPWS mode, the alerts are inhibited for the mode in which
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