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This represents a new flight planning paradigm that requires new flight planning algorithms, displays, and capabilities, real-time comprehensive data exchange between ATSP and AOC, centralized and consistent dissemination of NAS constraint data, and procedures governing the linking and coordination of all candidate and approved flight plans of system users.
4.3.1.3 Potential Benefits
. Increased flexibility and user efficiency (schedule, fuel, flight time), due to user-preferred pre-flight planning.
4.3.2 Surface Departure: Intelligent Routing for Efficient Pushback Times and Taxi
4.3.2.1 Problem
Inefficient taxi operations due to departure runway queues, verbal clearances, and radio frequency congestion.
In current day operations, studies have shown that surface operations are inefficient and prone to high workload levels, radio frequency congestion, and communication errors. Also, the requirement for pilots to write down the clearance and read it back to ATSP for verification unnecessarily increases workload for both pilots and controllers and reduces the efficiency of the entire system.
An additional source of taxi delays is the long departure queues that can develop when aircraft push back from the gate and "get in line" for departure. Individual aircraft push back near their scheduled departure time, then taxi to the departure queue which may be as large as 20 aircraft during departure pushes. Sitting in a slow-moving departure queue (as opposed to staying at the gate or another area on ground power) wastes fuel and increases emissions.
4.3.2.2 Solution
ATSP uses an Intelligent Ground System (IGS) to determine pushback time, based on an estimated departure time transmitted (via datalink) by the user/ramp.
The IGS coordinates aircraft pushback requests, and determines a pushback time that minimizes departure queues at the runways while balancing runway assignments and intersection/runway crossings. The proposed pushback time is displayed to the ATSP via an interface that allows controllers to interact with the IGS and enter any additional constraints known to them. ATSP transmits (via datalink) this pushback time to the FD, ramp, tower, TRACON and supporting positions. After pushback at the specified time, the aircraft begins taxiing toward the departure queue on a cleared datalinked route. Through the optimization of pushback timing, the departure runway queue can be minimized.
4.3.2.3 Potential Benefits
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Reduced departure delay and taxi time, and due to efficient pushback time.
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Reduced fuel consumption and emissions, due to decreased engine operation time on the ground (resulting from efficient pushback time).
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Increased taxi efficiency, due to datalink capabilities which may decrease or eliminate the need to stop while receiving a taxi clearance.
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Reduced workload, due to decreased verbal communication, frequency congestion, and opportunities for communication errors.
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本文链接地址：Concept Definition for Distributed Air/Ground Traffic Management (DAG-TM)(20)
