Top Three Combinations of Communications Anomalies
1.
Instructor made confusing or misleading statementsand trainee delayed action or acted inappropriately
2.
Instructor heard but misinterpreted intra-cockpit comsand trainee delayed action or acted inappropriately
3.
Instructor withheld or delayed commentand trainee delayed action or acted inappropriately
with an ATC directive is doubtful, corrective verbal comments by the instructor have a significant impact on flight safety.
Figure 4. Cockpit Communications Anomalies
Regardless of the type of communications anomaly displayed by instructors, the effect on trainees most often was a delayed or inappropriate verbal or control response (39 percent of citations). Several reports indicated a lack of assertiveness on the trainee’s part, and a failure to challenge the instructor even when the trainee believed the instruction was wrong. The following study report excerpt exemplifies how confusing and vague communication by both instructor and trainee can result in a safety incident:
Instructor said...’Uh, you can have control if you, uh, want it.’ I probably replied ‘OK’ rather than the usual ‘I have control.’ I began to pull the nose up slowly when I thought I felt my instructor push forward on the wheel [and] relaxed...Nosewheel touched down first and we bounced...Fortunately we walked away...with an undamaged aircraft. ‘Wishy washy’ coms played a major role in this. (ASRS Record #240165)
Communications Equipment Factors
We expected that a number of reports in the study set would describe problems with onboard communications equipment that contributed to incidents. One in five reports (21 percent) did identify such problems. The most frequently reported problems involved malfunctioning or improperly operated headsets, microphones, and installed radios. The following instructor’s report illustrates both a pilot-induced headset problem, and a preoccupation with training that led to complete lack of situational awareness:
We had started flying using headsets, with the radios being monitored through the headsets. After the first landing the student stated he would prefer to continue without the headsets as he didn’t feel comfortable wearing them. I said OK. We got involved in doing touch and goes (5) and I failed to notice that we had not heard from Tower during this time. When I did notice that the speaker button was not in the proper position, I made contact with the Tower. They (Tower) terminated the flight and I was instructed to call the Tower. (ASRS Record #290210)
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