Subject 7: SURVEILLANCE
The general objective is:
To provide a basic foundation and understanding of the principles used in Primary and Secondary Radar and in the other Surveillance systems, and an overview of their use in ATM operations.
TOPIC SUBTOPIC Objectives Students shall .... L CONTENT
1 Surveillance
1.1 Introduction to Surveillance 1.1.1 List the various Surveillance domains 1 Air-air, ground-air, ground-ground
1.1.2 State the purpose and operation of the surveillance systems in current use by ATC 1 PSR and SSR, ADS-C, ADS-B, multi-lateration coverage, range, distance measurement, azimuth, sensitivity, propagation, safety procedures, relative system costs, ACAS, SMGCS, ASMGCS
1.1.3 State future developments in Surveillance 1 ADS, Mode S, etc.
1.1.4 Describe system architecture and evolution 2
1.1.5 Explain the purpose and principles of surveillance systems 2 Primary detection and ranging, azimuth resolving, IFF-SSR
1.1.6 Describe, using an overall block schematic, the function and performance of surveillance systems 2 Position verification, intruder detection, separation verification, TX/RX, MTI, MTD, plot extractor datalinks, tracking, data fusion, display, recording and analysis
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TOPIC SUBTOPIC Objectives Students shall .... L CONTENT
1.1.7 State ICAO and local legal requirements regarding recording and retention of voice communications 1 SARPS, ICAO Annex 10, Vol IV
1.2 Primary Radar 1.2.1 Describe the requirements for and the use of primary radar in ATC 2 Non-cooperative detection (examples: control zone intrusion, etc.), probability of detection, cost, etc., types of PSR (Area, Terminal, SMR)
1.2.2 Describe the system architecture and evolution 2 Detection, range measurement, azimuth indication, rotating antenna, etc.
1.2.3 Explain in principle the basic elements of a typical primary radar system 2 Echo-based, power requirements, antenna characteristics, etc., environmental limitations (anaprop, weather), LoS, etc.
1.2.4 Describe, using an overall block schematic, the function and performance of the primary radar system 2 Antenna system, TX/RX, signal processing, plot-extraction, local tracking, data transmission
1.3 Secondary Radar 1.3.1 Describe ATC requirements for and the use of secondary radar 2 In-flight safety, cooperative, probability of detection, identification, (code/callsign), SPI, pressure altitude, cost, emergency codes, code allocations
1.3.2 Describe the system architecture and evolution 2 ICO-defined standard, IFF, Mode-A code limitations, Mode-S interrogator pollution, transponder capture
1.3.3 Explain in principle the basic elements of a typical secondary radar system 2 Up-link down-link frequencies and formats, power budget, antenna requirements (LVA)
TOPIC SUBTOPIC Objectives Students shall .... L CONTENT
1.3.4 Describe, using an overall block schematic, the function and performance of the secondary radar system 2 Interrogator, transponder, plot-extractor, local tracking, combiner, data transmission
1.4 Radar Message Format 1.4.1 Describe ATC requirements 2 QoS, integrity, security, radar maps, radar data presentations, plots/tracks.
1.4.2 Explain the need for harmonisation 2 Data sharing, common procurement, etc., standards
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