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ICAO Annex 10 – Volume III, PART II
CHAPTER 5. EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER (ELT) FOR SEARCH AND RESCUE
5.1 GENERAL
5.1.1 Until 1 January 2005, emergency locator transmitters shall operate either on both 406 MHz and 121.5 MHz or on 121.5 MHz.
Note. – From 1 January 2000, ELT’s operating on 121.5 MHz will be required to meet the improved technical characteristics contained in 5.2.1.8.
5.1.2 All installations of emergency locator transmitters operating on 406 MHz shall meet the provisions of 5.3.
5.1.3 All installations of emergency locator transmitters operating on 121.5 MHz shall meet the provisions of 5.2.
5.1.4 From 1 January 2005, emergency locator transmitters shall operate on 406 MHz and 121.5 MHz simultaneously.
5.1.5 All emergency locator transmitters installed on or after 1 January 2002 shall operate simultaneously on 406 MHz and 121.5 MHz.
5.1.6 The technical characteristics for the 406 MHz component of an integrated ELT shall be in accordance with 5.3.
5.1.7 The technical characteristics for the 121.5 MHz component of an integrated ELT shall be in accordance with 5.2.
5.1.8 States shall make arrangements for a 406 MHz ELT register. Register information regarding ELT shall be immediately available to search and rescue authorities.
5.2 SPECIFICATION FOR THE 121.5 MHZ COMPONENT OF EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER (ELT) FOR SEARCH AND RESCUE
Note 1. – Information on technical characteristics and operational performance of 121.5 MHz ELTs is contained in RTCA Document DO-183 and European Organization for Civil Aviation Equipment (EUROCAE) Document ED.62.
Note 2. – Technical characteristics of emergency locator transmitters operating on 121.5 MHz are contained in ITU-R Recommendation M.690-1. The ITU designation for an ELT is Emergency Position – Indication Radio Beacon (EPIRB).
5.2.1 Technical characteristics
5.2.1.1 Emergency locator transmitters (ELT) shall operate on 121.5 MHz. The frequency tolerance shall not exceed plus or minus 0.005 per cent.
5.2.1.2 The emission from an ELT under normal conditions and attitudes of the antenna shall be vertically polarized and essentially omnidirectional in the horizontal plane.
5.2.1.3 Over a period of 48 hours of continuous operation, at an operating temperature of minus 20 degrees Celsius, the peak effective radiated power (PERP) shall at no time be less than 50 mW.
5.2.1.4 The type of emission shall be A3X. Any other type of modulation that meets the requirements of 5.2.1.5, 5.2.1.6, and 5.2.1.7 below may be used provided that it will not prejudice precise location of the beacon by homing equipment.
Note. – Some ELT’s are equipped with an optional voice capability (A3E) in addition to the A3X emission.
5.2.1.5 The carrier shall be amplitude modulated at a modulation factor of at least 0.85.
5.2.1.6 The modulation applied to the carrier shall have a minimum duty cycle of 33 per cent.
5.2.1.7 The emission shall have a distinctive audio characteristics achieved by amplitude modulating the carrier with an audio frequency sweeping downward over a range of not less than 700 Hz within the range 1 600 Hz to 300 Hz and with a sweep repetition rate of between 2 Hz and 4 Hz.
5.2.1.8 After 1 January 2000, the emission shall include a clearly defined carrier frequency distinct form the modulation sideband components; in particular, at least 30 per cent of the power shall be contained at all times within plus or minus 30 Hz of the carrier frequency on 121.5 MHz.
5.3 SPECIFICATION FOR THE 406 MHZ COMPONENT OF EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER (ELT) FOR SEARCH AND RESCUE
5.3.1 Technical characteristics
Note 1. – Transmission characteristics for emergency locator transmitters operating on 406 MHz are contained in ITU-R Recommendation M.633-1.
Note 2. - Information on technical characteristics and operational performance of 406 MHz ELTs is contained in RTCA Document DO-204 and European Organization for Civil Aviation Equipment (EUROCAE) Document ED.62.
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Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) Requirements(4)
