5. BACKGROUND
5.1 ADS-B is a surveillance application that periodically transmits aircraft parameters, such as identification, pressure altitude, position and position integrity, via a broadcast data link that is available to any receiver, either airborne or ground-based, within range of the transmitter.
5.2 ADS-B information is broadcast without any knowledge of which users may be receiving it and without the expectation of an acknowledgement or reply.
5.3 As an automatic system, ADS-B requires no flight crew or controller action for the information to be transmitted. The surveillance-type information broadcast is dependent on the aircraft’s navigation system and the broadcast capability of the source emitter.
5.4 An ADS-B “out” system consists of the following components:
(a)
a transmitting subsystem that includes message generation and transmission functions at the source aircraft; and
(b)
the data link broadcast medium.
5.5
The sources of the transmitted information, as well as the user applications, are not considered to be part of the ADS-B system, but their performance needs to be considered when defining overall ADS-B system performance.
6.
APPLICABILITY
6.1 This AC is applicable to all Australian aircraft and visiting foreign aircraft wishing to transmit ADS-B information in Australia.
11 April 2007
7. RELATED AUSTRALIAN READING MATERIALS
.
AC 21-15(0) Supplementary Type Certificate - Certification
.
AC 21-36(0) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Equipment: Airworthiness Guidelines
.
AC 21-601(0) Australian Technical Standard Order Authorisation
.
ATSO-C1004 Airborne Mode A/C Transponder Equipment with Extended Squitter Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) Transmit Only Equipment
.
ATSO-C1005 Airborne Stand-Alone Extended Squitter Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) Transmission Capability
Note 1: Appendix A to this AC contains a list of ADS-B documentation references.
Note 2: Visit the CASA website www.casa.gov.au/rules/1998casr for access to the ACs.
8. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT
8.1 ADS-B Avionics
8.1.1 For an aircraft to be ADS-B capable, it requires:
.
appropriate data sources, and
.
an ADS-B transmitter to broadcast the data in a predetermined standard format.
8.2 ADS-B Transmitter
8.2.1 The ADS-B transmitter needs to comply with the minimum performance standards detailed in RTCA Document DO-260A Para 2.2.
8.2.2 For ADS-B data to be universally usable, it needs to be transmitted in the formats and characteristics defined in the following standards:
.
ICAO Annex 10, Amendment 77;
.
RTCA/DO-260; or
.
RTCA/DO-260A.
8.2.3 To be useable for ATC surveillance in a “radar like” manner, ADS-B transmitters must transmit the following minimum data set:
.
Position (in extended squitter surface position message and in extended squitter airborne position message);
.
Position Integrity Information (e.g. NUC, NIC etc, value transmitted in the “TYPE” code in extended squitter surface position message and in extended squitter airborne position message);
.
Pressure Altitude (in extended squitter airborne position message, GNSS height may also be transmitted in this message when barometric altitude is not available);
.
Identity (in extended squitter identity and category message); and
.
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