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Audio Announcements – Change 7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
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Collision Avoidance System User’s Manu a l
The TCAS II System:
• Is compatible with and independent of the
ATC System
• Determines if a threat exists
• Provides display and audio announcement to
the crew
– Position information displayed on CRT
and/or TA/VSI
– Vertical guidance displayed on VSI
– Synthesized voice
• Calculates appropriate vertical evasive maneuver
• Coordinates maneuvers of two or more TCAS II
equipped aircraft via Mode S transponder communication
between aircraft.
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Collision Avoidance System User’s Manu a l
TCAS II
Operation
The TCAS II system monitors the airspace sur rounding
your aircraft by interrogating the transponder of
intruding aircraft.The interrogation reply enables
TCAS II to compute the following information about
the intruder:
1) Range between your aircraft and the intruder.
2) Relative bearing to the intruder.
3) Altitude and vertical speed of the intruder, if
reporting altitude.
4) Closing rate between the intruder and your
aircraft.
Using this data TCAS II predicts the time to,and the
separation at,the intruders closest point of approach
(CPA).Should TCAS II predict that certain safe
boundaries may be violated,it will issue a Traffic
Advisory (TA) to alert the crew that closing traffic is
in the vicinity.
If the intruder continues to close,TCAS II will issue a
Resolution Advisory (RA) to obtain or maintain safe
vertical separation between your aircraft and the
intruder.TCAS II bases the alarms on a five second
crew reaction time to begin the separation maneuver.
Increase or reversal of an RA requires a reaction in
two and one half seconds.
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Collision Avoidance System User’s Manu a l
Two TCAS II equipped airc raft will coordinate their
resolution advisories using a Mode S transponder airto-
air data link.The coordination ensures that comp
l e m e n t a ry advisories are issued in each airc ra f t . T h e
c rew should promptly but smoothly follow the advisory.
Since maneuvers are coordinated, the crew should neve r
m a n e u ver in the opposite direction of the advisory.
TCAS II can tra ck as many as 45 airc ra f t ,d i s p l ay up
to 30 of them and can coordinate a resolution advis
o ry for up to three intru d e rs at once.The advisori e s
a re always based on the least amount of dev i a t i o n
f rom the flight path while providing safe ve rt i c a l
s e p a ra t i o n .
Typical
TCAS II
Encounter
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Collision Avoidance System User’s Manu a l
TCAS II
Traffic
Display
Symbols
TCAS II will display four dif ferent traffic symbols on
the Traffic Advisory displays.The symbols change
shape and color to represent increasing levels of
urgency.
The traffic symbols may also have an associated altitude
tag which shows relative altitude in hundreds of
feet,indicating whether the intruder is climbing, flying
level or descending.A + sign and number above
the symbol means the intruder is above your altitude.
A - sign and number beneath indicates it is below
your altitude.A trend arrow appears when the intruder’s
vertical rate is 500 feet per minute or greater.
If the intruder is Non-Altitude Reporting (NAR) the
traffic symbol appears without an altitude number or
trend arrow.The type of symbol selected by TCAS II is
based on the intruder location and closing rate.
If TCAS direction finding techniques fail to locate the
azimuth of another aircraft,a NO BEARING message
appears on the screen.
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Collision Avoidance System User’s Manu a l
An open white diamond indicates that an intruder’s
relative altitude is greater than plus or minus 1200
feet vertically or its distance is beyond 6 nm range.It
is not yet considered a threat.
This one is 1700 feet below your own altitude, climbing
at 500 feet per minute or greater.
Non-Threat
Traffic
Proximity
Intruder
Traffic
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Collision Avoidance System User’s Manu a l
A filled white diamond indicates that the intruding
aircraft is within plus or minus 1200 feet vertically
and within 6 nm range,but is still not considered a
threat.
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TCASII/ACASII Collision Avoidance System User’s Manual(2)
