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Designers of helideck lighting systems should be highly sensitive to the need to provide good quality and reliable helideck lighting in the offshore / marine environment. Failure to do so can cause flight crew severe problems when landing and taking-off from installations and vessels at night and in poor visibility.
Providing good helideck lighting on Offshore Installations, probably more so than on vessels, is made more difficult because of the background lighting environment. Light pollution from the vast array of general installation lighting will often compete with the helideck lighting and, in some cases, has the effect of overpowering the visual cues that have been specifically provided for flight crews. See Figure 11.2.
When locating and specifying luminaires for helideck lighting systems designers should attempt to visualise the likely results (including probable background light pollution) from a helicopter flight crew’s perspective, both in the air on an approach to the helideck and whilst parked on the helideck itself. The key to this exercise is finding the right balance.
The use of computer generated luminance diagrams (usually provided by specialist lighting supply companies) may help to establish correct levels of helideck lighting with respect to perimeter and floodlighting.
Much of the light pollution can be physically shielded from the approaching or on-deck helicopter if sufficient thought is given to this problem during the design phase. The designer should always give consideration to the visual tasks to be undertaken by helicopter flight crews during approach to an installation or vessel and the associated visual clues and aids available during each phase of the operation. These are given in the following table, Figure 11.1.
VISUAL CUES / AIDS
Platform Location Sensor Search Contrast of platform against sea/dark background
Platform Identification Observe defining features Position of platform in relation to others. Outline shape of platform Sign board.
Helideck Acquisition Search within platform structure Shape of helideck. Colour of helideck. Luminance of helideck (floodlighting). Perimeter lighting.
Final Approach Detect helicopter position in 3 axes. Detect rate of change of position. Apparent size and change of size. Orientation and change of orientation of known features / markings/ lights.
Hover & Landing Detect helicopter position and rate of change of position in 3 axes (6 degrees of freedom) Known features / markings. Lights. Helideck texture.
Figure 11.1 – Visual Cues Summary (Source: DERA) 190
(Photograph courtesy of Institute of Petroleum)
11.3.3 Specific Requirements for NUIs
If night operations are to take place, lighting, including floodlighting, must meet the requirements of CAP 437, in full.
Consideration should also be given to the requirements for night emergency flights. If it is decided not to install lighting in compliance with CAP 437, no night emergency flights may be undertaken. Therefore helicopter evacuation or medivac night flights must not be part of the Installation safety case or the emergency procedures.
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